December: President Johnson declares the reconstruction process complete. Outraged, Radical Republicans in Congress refuse to recognize new governments in Southern states. More than sixty former ...

A number of Reconstruction Acts continued to be passed, forcing the southern states to ratify the 14th Amendment (which provided citizenship rights and equal protection by law to African-Americans).

In the meantime, a process had been instituted in the Southern states that has given the most distinctive character to the last period in the undoing of reconstruction. The generation-long ...

(Though most of the schools remained segregated.) “The southern states were required to write new constitutions by the Reconstruction Acts of 1867… that allow Black and white men to vote and ...

Professor Douglas Egerton talked about his book The Wars of Reconstruction ... in which he looks at politics in both northern and southern states following the Civil War, and argues that the ...

which can be thought of as the Second Reconstruction. The non-Southern states, through their representatives in Congress and the executive branch, and with the help of enlightened Southerners ...

During these periods, the country had a response: Reconstruction ... “southern strategy” instructed conservatives to code switch. “So you say stuff like, uh, ‘forced busing,’ ‘states ...

Joseph Buy this book One of the most potent analogies has been that of Reconstruction. The term was coined during the Civil War to describe the plan to readmit the secessionist states and push the ...