A research team from Skoltech and the University of Wuppertal in Germany determined that an all-optical universal logic gate ...

[IMSAI Guy] grabbed an obsolete XOR gate and tried a classic circuit to turn it into a frequency doubler ... In theory, the RC circuit acts as an edge detector. So, each edge of the input signal ...

The phase-frequency detector (PFD) consists of 2 D-trigger with reset from external circuit, performed in ECL logic and multiplexer, which allow to switch the input signals to the corresponding inputs ...