The Black Seminole Scouts carved out a path of resilience and defiance, stemming from the swamps of Florida to the frontier regions of Texas and Mexico. Born from a unique blend of freed slaves and ...

The bearing of Black Seminoles unnerved the plantation class as deeply as the loss of property. Chief Thomi Perryman of the United Warrior Band. Photo by Liam Wamba One of the reunion attendees, Chief ...

Black Seminoles, in a suit filed in 1996 ... The Black Drink Crier, a Warrior of Great Distinction.” Osceola, or Billy Powell, whose father was Scottish trader William Powell and whose mother ...

Nature gap: Black people strive to overcome history ... In the stands, chanting multitudes show support wearing t-shirts bearing the Seminole warrior Osceola. Left out of the often-stereotypical ...

History buffs directed her to Warrior, a descendant of Tony Warrior, who aided John Horse, leader of the Black Seminoles, as the tribe moved from Indian Territory to Mexico. Atchico said it’s ...

While the surviving Black and Native American leaders ... he earned “a distinguished reputation among both the Seminole and their adversaries as a warrior, interpreter, and diplomat.” ...

“Someone in his situation—a man of mixed blood living among pure-blood Seminoles—would have to try hard to prove himself as a leader and a warrior. He wanted to draw attention to himself by ...