Other causes include hardening of the posterior longitudinal ligament or the ligamentum flavum, which are soft tissue bands that normally help support the cervical spine. Sometimes people are born ...

Surgical options aim to relieve pressure on the spinal cord and provide stability to the neck. Common procedures are posterior cervical laminectomy, discectomy and fusion, or corpectomy.

Various techniques have been proposed for the anterior approach to the upper and lower cervical spine. These have included the transoral approach to the atlas and axis, [1,2] the mandible and ...

is the most commonly used decompressive procedure in the cervical spine and is used for the treatment of single or multiple level disc disease. [4] The disc is removed anteriorly; discs that are ...