Nash equilibrium is a concept in game theory where the game reaches a state that gives individual players no incentive to deviate from their initial strategy. The players know their opponents ...

Proponents of game theory often tabulate the different outcomes in what is called a matrix ... "left," we can play "up" with a payoff of 1 or play "down" with a payoff of 3.

Cooperation and competition have a fitness face off in game theory ... In the matrix, the payoffs typically are those assigned to the player depicted in the row playing against the strategy ...